Category: Inside Tirumala Temple

In Lord Venkateswara’s dwelling place Tirumala of Venkatachala mountain, everyday auspicious things like Divine marriage, Inspiring spiritual festivities, Processions etc., Explore everything inside Tirumala temple.

Sri Krishnadevaraya Mandapam - Tirupati Balaji Temple

Sri Krishnadevaraya Mandapam – Tirupati Balaji Temple

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Sri Krishnadevaraya Mandapam / Prathima Mandapam

Abuting the main gateway i.e., inside, you will come across a sixteen-pillared lofty portico of 27″ x 25″ size. People call this portico by the name Krishnadevaraya Mandapam or Krishnaraya Mandapam. Some call this Prathima (idol) Mandapam also. This portico is constructed as per the Vijayanagara style of portico construction.

Amid this portico, we can see life-size copper idols. To the right and left of a male statue we can see two female statues. The male statue is that of the famous Vijayanagara emperor Sri Krishna Deva Raya. He is known for his command over the sword as well as a pen. He has the title of Sahiti Samarangana Chakravarthi. He is standing amid his two consorts Tirumala Devi and Chinna Devi.

click here to explore mandapams inside tirumala temple

Sri Krishna Deva Raya

Sri Krishna Deva Raya as per the available records had visited Tirumala Temple seven times.

Sri Krishnadevaraya

When he visited the temple on 02.01.1517 with his two consorts, it is believed that he carried out the installation of copper statues. The note-worthy thing is, that he is not in his kingly robes. He is in the robes of an ordinary devotee. The names are inscribed on the shoulders of the statues. From that day onwards the portico got the name of Krishna Deva Raya Portico.

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – Tirumala’s First Visit

Sri Krishna Deva Raya first visited Tirumala along with his queens in the year 1513 A.D. He had darshan of the Lord on 10th February. He offered a Nava Ratna Kireeta (gem-studded crown) and 25 silver plates to the Lord. His consorts offered two golden food bowls.

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – Tirumala’s Second Visit

In the same year (1513), on 2nd May and also on 13th June Sri Krishna Deva Raya visited Tirumala for the second and third time.

During these two visits, he offered valuable jewels to the main deity and three precious studded crowns to three Utsav Moorthies (movable idols). To meet the expenses of daily naivedyam (food offerings to the deity) he gifted three villages to the temple.

He made arrangements for special celebrations in memory of his departed parents. He requested the temple authorities to perform this special celebration in the Tamil month of Thai (Jan-Feb) every year without fail.

Sri Krishnadevaraya Mandapam or Krishnaraya Mandapam or Prathima Mandapam
Sri Krishnadevaraya Mandapam or Krishnaraya Mandapam or Prathima Mandapam

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – 3rd Visit

On 6.7.1514 Sri Krishna Deva Raya visited Tirumala temple for the fourth time. He arranged for kankabhishekam (giving a bath or pouring gold coins over the head of the deity) with 30 thousand gold coins (varahas). He gifted Tallapaka village (A village in modern Y.S.R. Kadapa Dist., A.P.) to meet the daily pooja (worship) expenses.

In the year 1515 from Vijayanagara his capital city he sent a golden festoon with a crocodile head (Makara Thoranam) to the Tirumala temple for the Lord’s use.

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – 5th Visit

On his fifth visit i.e., 02.01.1517 to Tirumala he installed his copper life-size image along with the images of his two consorts in the temple premises.

On 09.09.1518 he offered 30 thousand gold coins to be used for the gold plating of the Vimana (dome above the sanctuary).

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – 6th Visit

His sixth visit to Tirumala occurred in October 1518. On 17.02.1521, he visited Tirumala for the seventh time. To mark this visit he offered a rare cap studded with precious stones and silk robes to the Lord.

Sri Krishna Deva Raya the darling ruler of Telugus, who is known for his devotion as well as sacrifice, stands with folded hands in the golden abode premises of Lord Venkateswara. Telugu-speaking people particularly are ever grateful to this benevolent ruler. He permanently dwells in the hearts of Telugus.

Similarly, to the left of the main entrance, you will find another copper statue with folded hands. The figure in the statue is that of Venkatapathi Rayalu, the ruler of Chandragiri (the second capital of Vijayanagara kings). This generous ruler has generously donated for the protection of Tirumala temple.

Achyuta Deva Raya

Abuting the copper statue of Venkatapathi Rayalu, towards the south, we can see two life-size granite statues. In the garb of devotees, the royal couple Achyuta Deva Raya and his consort Varadaji Ammani stand there. The available historical evidence says that the coronation ceremony of Achyuta Deva Raya was completed after he was given the sacred bath.

Achyuta Raya Brahma Utsavam

It is said that Lord Venkateswara’s golden conch shell was used to pour water on his head by the priests. In his name, a Brahmothsavam was organized at Tirumala in the year 1530 as Achyuta Raya Brahma Utsavam. He has gifted many villages to the temple for its maintenance. He was a great devotee of Lord Venkateswara.

These royal statues with folded hands are announcing to the world at large that if we have become rulers and benevolent kings it is because of Your (Lord’s) Grace. We are Your humble (Lord’s) servants only.

This sculptured pillar portico was constructed somewhere in the first half of the 16th century. It has carved figures of Siva Dhanur Bhanga (Rama Breaking Shiva’s bow), Sri Rama’s coronation, Hanuman presenting Rama’s ring to Seetha in the Ashoka Vana, Sri Krishna Leelas, Sankhuchakras, Urdhwapundram’s (Upright marks) etc., these enchanting carvings are worth watching.

This particular portico has another special significance. After Utsav Moorthy’s (moveable idols) procession through the streets of Tirumala, Swamy rests for a while in this Mandapa. At that time Sri Vaishnava Acharyas like Jeeyangars praise the Lord by singing Divya Prabandham (A Vaishnava Epic). After singing Divya Prabandham, the Lord is offered pious Nirajanam (waving a lamp or burning camphor to avert an evil eye).

Immediately after this Harati ceremony (fumigation), the Lord enters the temple by going around the Dhwajasthambham in a clockwise direction.

Let us express our heartful gratitude to those rulers who are dwelling in this Krishnadevaraya Mandapam. They by their sheer service-mindedness have strived to make Tirumala a holier than the holiest place and a Kaliyuga Vaikuntam (Lord Vishnu’s Abode on earth).

Sri Krishnaraya Mandapam – Tirupati Balaji Temple

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Sri Krishnaraya Mandapam / Prathima Mandapam

Abuting the main gateway i.e., inside, you will come across a sixteen-pillared lofty portico of 27″ x 25″ size. People call this portico by the name Krishnaraya Mandapam. Some call this Prathima (idol) Mandapam also. This portico is constructed as per the Vijayanagara style of portico construction.

Amid this portico, we can see life-size copper idols. To the right and left of a male statue we can see two female statues. The male statue is that of the famous Vijayanagara emperor Sri Krishna Deva Raya. He is known for his command over the sword as well as a pen. He has the title of Sahiti Samarangana Chakravarthi. He is standing amid his two consorts Tirumala Devi and Chinna Devi.

click here to explore mandapams inside tirumala temple

Sri Krishna Deva Raya

Sri Krishna Deva Raya as per the available records had visited Tirumala Temple seven times.

When he visited the temple on 02.01.1517 with his two consorts, it is believed that he carried out the installation of copper statues. The note-worthy thing is, that he is not in his kingly robes. He is in the robes of an ordinary devotee. The names are inscribed on the shoulders of the statues. From that day onwards the portico got the name of Krishna Deva Raya Portico.

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – Tirumala’s First Visit

Sri Krishna Deva Raya first visited Tirumala along with his queens in the year 1513 A.D. He had darshan of the Lord on 10th February. He offered a Nava Ratna Kireeta (gem-studded crown) and 25 silver plates to the Lord. His consorts offered two golden food bowls.

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – Tirumala’s Second Visit

In the same year (1513), on 2nd May and also on 13th June Sri Krishna Deva Raya visited Tirumala for the second and third time.

During these two visits, he offered valuable jewels to the main deity and three precious studded crowns to three Utsav Moorthies (movable idols). To meet the expenses of daily naivedyam (food offerings to the deity) he gifted three villages to the temple.

He made arrangements for special celebrations in memory of his departed parents. He requested the temple authorities to perform this special celebration in the Tamil month of Thai (Jan-Feb) every year without fail.

Sri Krishnadevaraya Mandapam or Krishnaraya Mandapam or Prathima Mandapam
Sri Krishnadevaraya Mandapam or Krishnaraya Mandapam or Prathima Mandapam

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – 3rd Visit

On 6.7.1514 Sri Krishna Deva Raya visited Tirumala temple for the fourth time. He arranged for kankabhishekam (giving a bath or pouring gold coins over the head of the deity) with 30 thousand gold coins (varahas). He gifted Tallapaka village (A village in modern Y.S.R. Kadapa Dist., A.P.) to meet the daily pooja (worship) expenses.

In the year 1515 from Vijayanagara his capital city he sent a golden festoon with a crocodile head (Makara Thoranam) to the Tirumala temple for the Lord’s use.

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – 5th Visit

On his fifth visit i.e., 02.01.1517 to Tirumala he installed his copper life-size image along with the images of his two consorts in the temple premises.

On 09.09.1518 he offered 30 thousand gold coins to be used for the gold plating of the Vimana (dome above the sanctuary).

Sri Krishna Deva Raya – 6th Visit

His sixth visit to Tirumala occurred in October 1518. On 17.02.1521, he visited Tirumala for the seventh time. To mark this visit he offered a rare cap studded with precious stones and silk robes to the Lord.

Sri Krishna Deva Raya the darling ruler of Telugus, who is known for his devotion as well as sacrifice, stands with folded hands in the golden abode premises of Lord Venkateswara. Telugu-speaking people particularly are ever grateful to this benevolent ruler. He permanently dwells in the hearts of Telugus.

Similarly, to the left of the main entrance, you will find another copper statue with folded hands. The figure in the statue is that of Venkatapathi Rayalu, the ruler of Chandragiri (the second capital of Vijayanagara kings). This generous ruler has generously donated for the protection of Tirumala temple.

Achyuta Deva Raya

Abuting the copper statue of Venkatapathi Rayalu, towards the south, we can see two life-size granite statues. In the garb of devotees, the royal couple Achyuta Deva Raya and his consort Varadaji Ammani stand there. The available historical evidence says that the coronation ceremony of Achyuta Deva Raya was completed after he was given the sacred bath.

Achyuta Raya Brahma Utsavam

It is said that Lord Venkateswara’s golden conch shell was used to pour water on his head by the priests. In his name, a Brahmothsavam was organized at Tirumala in the year 1530 as Achyuta Raya Brahma Utsavam. He has gifted many villages to the temple for its maintenance. He was a great devotee of Lord Venkateswara.

These royal statues with folded hands are announcing to the world at large that if we have become rulers and benevolent kings it is because of Your (Lord’s) Grace. We are Your humble (Lord’s) servants only.

This sculptured pillar portico was constructed somewhere in the first half of the 16th century. It has carved figures of Siva Dhanur Bhanga (Rama Breaking Shiva’s bow), Sri Rama’s coronation, Hanuman presenting Rama’s ring to Seetha in the Ashoka Vana, Sri Krishna Leelas, Sankhuchakras, Urdhwapundram’s (Upright marks) etc., these enchanting carvings are worth watching.

This particular portico has another special significance. After Utsav Moorthy’s (moveable idols) procession through the streets of Tirumala, Swamy rests for a while in this Mandapa. At that time Sri Vaishnava Acharyas like Jeeyangars praise the Lord by singing Divya Prabandham (A Vaishnava Epic). After singing Divya Prabandham, the Lord is offered pious Nirajanam (waving a lamp or burning camphor to avert an evil eye).

Immediately after this Harati ceremony (fumigation), the Lord enters the temple by going around the Dhwajasthambham in a clockwise direction.

Let us express our heartful gratitude to those rulers who are dwelling in this Krishnaraya Mandapam. They by their sheer service-mindedness have strived to make Tirumala a holier than the holiest place and a Kaliyuga Vaikuntam (Lord Vishnu’s Abode on earth).

Ramulavari Meda (Rama’s Abode) - Tirupati Balaji Temple

Ramulavari Meda (Rama’s Abode) – Tirupati Balaji Temple

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Ramulavari Meda / Rama’s Abode

As soon as you cross Snapana Mandapam there is a narrow 12″ x 10″ passage. This is known as Ramulavari Meda. Before 1262-65 A.D. the researchers believe that this was not there. They believe that this was a part of the present Vaikunta Pradakshina path.

To enter Ramulavari Meda from Snapana Mandapam we have to pass through Six feet wide stone door frame. Outside this door frame wooden door frame with doors is built for protection. A locking system is provided to lock inner doors.

Sri Rama Rama Ramethi
Rame Raame Manorame
Sahasra Nama Thath Thulyam
Rama Nama Varanane

On both sides of Ramulavari Meda, there are raised terraces or platforms.

  • On the southern side raised platform the utsava statues of Angada, Hanuman, and Sugreeva, facing north are installed.
  • Similarly, on the northern side raised platform utsava moorthies of Venkateswara’s family members like Vishwaksena, Anantha, and Garuda are installed. These statues face south.

VISWAK SENA or SRI VISHVAKSENA or VISWAKSENA

Rama’s family

The Deities who belong to Rama’s family –

Sugreeva

Being the king of Vanaras, he has a crown on his head. He is offering his salutations to Rama by joining his two hands with upward palms. He will participate in the coronation ceremony of Rama which will be performed on Dasami Day after Sri Rama Navami.

Angada

After seeing Rama’s splendor in Lord Venkateswara of Venkatachala, Angada’s jaw gets dropped. Angada’s bewildered expression can be seen in the face. Being crown prince he has a small cap-like crown. He too will participate in the coronation ceremony of Sri Rama.

Obedient Hanuman

Obedient Hanuman is standing before Rama with his right hand covering his mouth. When he says ‘Yes My Lord’ to avoid spluttering he is covering his mouth with his right hand. Because of this particular behavior, he is known as the most obedient Hanuman. He plays an important role when Rama’s court gets assembled or at the time of Rama’s coronation.

Sri Venkateswara’s family

The Deities belonging to Sri Venkateswara’s family –

Anantha

Anantha is no other than Adisesha who becomes a comfortable bed for Lord Srinivasa by curling down. He has hoods and is showing blessing Mudra. This Moorthy is made of Panchaloha (an alloy of five metals).

ANNA UNJAL MANDAPAM
Hoisting of the Garudadhwaja on Dhwajastambham

On the very first day of Brahmothsavams before hoisting the temple flag a ceremony to invite eight guards who guard four directions as well as four corners, is performed. Anantha participates in this Gramotsav.

Vishwaksena

Vishwaksena is the commander-in-chief of universal Lord Sri Venkateswara’s army. He is also known as “Sena Mudaliyar” in Tamil. He has blessing hands and has Sankhu and Chakra. This Moorthy is also made of an alloy of five metals. He plays an important role in different courts – Ugadi, Deepavali, Anivara – He will head ceremonies like Ankurarpanam, Mrutti Sangraha (soil collection).

Being commander-in-chief of Lord Venkateswara he occupies an important place.

Garuda

He is Swamy’s aerial car. He will be ever ready to carry the Lord with open wings. This panchaloha Moorthy stands with folded hands. He participates on the first day of Swamy Brahmothsavam at the time of inviting rulers of all the eight directions. This Utsav Moorthy whose height is 1 ½ feet participates in all ceremonies.

garuda puranam

The idols of Seetha Rama and Lakshmana which are now kept in Sanctum Sanctorum were once on the raised platform. Because of this placement, that particular area gets the name of ‘Ramulavari Meda’.

It is said the idols which were once on the platform were shifted into Sanctum Sanctorum. But the name continues to be Ramulavari Meda even to this day. The other small idols that were there on the raised platform were, it is said, shifted to Ankurarpana (sprouting) Mandapam which is near the golden well.

When the crowd is larger, devotees will have the darshan of Lord Balaji from this Ramulavari Meda. Daily night Ekantha seva (solitude) will be performed here. At that time a descendant of Tallapaka Annamacharya with a Tambura (a stringed musical instrument) will sing a lullaby.

Tallapaka Annamacharya

Ranganayaka Mandapam (Ranganayaka’s Porch)

Ranganayaka Mandapam (Ranganayaka’s Porch)

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Ranganayaka Mandapam or Ranganayakula Mandapam or Ranga Mandapam

Right opposite the house of mirrors (Addala Meda) towards the south of Krishna Raya Mandapam there is one elevated stone platform. A porch has been constructed. This porch is known as Ranganayaka Mandapam or Ranga Mandapam.

This 108 feet long and 60 feet wide lofty carved pillared construction has a 12″ quadrangular temple. This temple is situated towards the south, quiet inside the Mandapam. It is said that Lord Ranganatha stayed here for some time and was worshipped by the devotees.

During 1320-1360 AD. Sri Rangam was invaded by the Muslim invaders. The priests of the Sri Ranga Temple shifted the utsava idol (Idols taken out during festival days) to Tirumala. They were preserved here and were offered poojas daily. When peace returned to Sri Rangam the idols were taken back.

Maybe because of this, people have named it as Ranga Mandapam i.e., the portico where Utsava Moorthies from Sri Rangam were kept. To safeguard the Utsava Moorthies from the invader Malik Kaffer and for offering poojas to them at Tirumala, it is said the local ruler of Tirupati, Ranganatha Yadava Rayalu had constructed this temple inside the portico.

As Sri Ranganatha’s Utsava Moorthies from Sri Rangam were kept in Tirumala temple, it is believed that reciting of Divya Prabandham and singing of Tiruppavai, the Sri Vaishnava Tradition, during Dhanur Masam were introduced in Tirumala Temple.

This much history is behind this Mandapam. Victory to Kaveti Ranga, Ranga Ranga, Sri Ranga.

Now this is being used as Vahana Mandapam to store Lord’s Vahanas (vehicles). Paid Sevas like Vasanthothsav, Brahmothsav etc., are being performed here.

PEDDA SESHA VAHANAM
PEDDASESHA VAHANAM

Pedda Sesha Vahana

In this Ranganayaka Mandapam, we can see seven hooded Golden sesha (serpant king) Vahana. The mere sight of this Vahana thrills everyone. This is known as Pedda Sesha Vahana (The big sesha vehicle or carrier).

“He is the Sesha! The sesha of Venkateswara, He is as big as Garuda”.

This Ranganayaka Mandapam has another significant speciality. Twice a year the Utsava Moorthy of Sri Venkateswara with His two Consorts, stays here for a longer period after stirring out of Ananda Nilaya. The two occasions are Dasara Brahmothsava and Vaikunta Ekadasi.

After the Dhwajarohana (flag hoisting) function during Dasara celebrations Lord Venkateswara Who gets the name Malayappa Swamy stays here up to Deepavali (for nearly one month). The poojas and naivedyam are offered to the Lord here regularly.

Eleven days before Vaikunta Ekadasi (the eleventh day of the Hindu calendar, both the bright as well as dark periods of the calendar) He leaves Ananda Nilaya and stays here for nearly 25 days along with His two Consorts – Sri Devi and Bhoodevi – During this period two poojas and Naivedyams (food offering) are offered to the Lord Malayappa Swamy.

Once upon a time, Kalyanothsavams (marriage) used to take place daily in this mandapam. As the number of devotees has increased rapidly now Kalyanotsavams are celebrated in Sampangi Pradakshana towards the south in a specially arranged place.

After the Darshan, all the National and International dignitaries are led to this place. The learned pandithas (knowledgable people) then bless these dignitaries. The temple honors will be conferred on them. Prasadam too is given here only. Let us chant the holy name of the Lord Govinda before proceeding to the next Mandapam.

Vaikunta Ekadasi (Utsavam) Inside Temple
Vaikunta Ekadasi (Utsavam) Inside Temple

All Mandapams

The ancient temple of Lord Venkateswara in the hill shrine of Tirumala is an amazing complex of history, culture, and traditions. Almost every brick speaks volumes about the cultural journey of the temple over the past several centuries.

According to saint poet Sri Tallapaka Annamayya, the various Mandapams and constructions inside the Srivari temple served as shelters to the devotees at times of heavy rains and scorching summer besides being served as platforms for temple rituals and stand here to tell the volumes of history.

ADDALA MANDAPAM OR AINA MAHAL
Addala Mandapam or Aina Mahal – House of Mirrors

These temples not only have historical and mythological significance but also stand as architectural marvels. A peep into these mandapams:

  • Dwajasthambha mandapam,
  • Krishnadevaraya Mandapam,
  • Four Pillar Mandapam,
  • Ranganayakula Mandapam or Ranga Mandapam,
  • Kalyanotsava Mandapam,
  • Tirumalaraya Mandapam,
  • Anna Unjal Mandapam,
  • Addala Mandapam or Aina Mahal,
  • Garuda Mandapam,
  • Golla Mandapam,
  • Sahasra Deepalankara Seva Mandapam etc.

Govinda! Govinda!! Govinda!!!

Sayana Mandiram (Lord's bed Room)

Sayana Mandiram (Lord’s bed Room)

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Sayana Mandiram / Ardha Mandapam

As you cross Ramulavari Meda you will enter into a 13 ½ ” by 13 ½” room. This room is called Sayana Mandiram i.e., Lord’s Bed Room. This is exactly in front of the Sanctum Sanctorum of Lord Venkateswara. This is also known by the name Ardha Mandapam. (A Moiety porch).

As the name goes everyday night Lord goes to bed in this room after all the rituals (pavalimpu seva) are performed. There is one hanging broad-taped cot. On a smooth silk bed, Lord goes to sleep. In Telugu, Sayanam means sleep. Hence the room gets the name ‘Sayana Mandiram’ i.e., Bed Room.

By reciting the glory of the Lord (suprabhatam) Lord will be gently awakened. After waking him, He will be decorated with flowers. While flower decoration is going on vaishnava Swamys recite Divya Prabandham (in praise of the Lord in Tamil). After this pooja with flowers (Pushpa alankarana seva), a thousand holy names of Lord (Sahsra Nama Archana) along with Ashtothara Satanama archana, (108 holy names) is performed.

With these things that are being chanted Lord enters into the Sanctum Sanctorum. While the entry is taking place, to the Moolavirat the Chief Image, pooja’s are performed. 

  • On Fridays, Abhishekam (holy bath) will be performed. The Vedic scholars stand in this Sayana Mandiram and recite Sri Sooktham, Purusha Sooktham etc.,
  • Similarly on Tuesday also Ashtadala PadaPadma Aradhana (worshiping the Lord with eight-petalled lotus by keeping them at the feet of the Lord).

On these days paid Sevas are also performed. Those who would have paid for the seva will be seated in an orderly way in this Sayana Mandiram which faces Sanctum Sanctorum.

Ashtadala Pada Padmaradhana on Tuesdays - TIrumala
Ashtadhala Pada Padmaradhana on Tuesdays – Tirumala

Sanctum Sanctorum

Near the threshold of Sanctum Sanctorum i.e., right in front of the Chief Idol, all the offerings meant for God are kept in Sayana Mandapam only. All the offerings are, under any circumstances not taken inside the threshold of Sanctum Sanctorum. Only curd rice offering which is known as ‘Mantra’ is taken inside and offered to the Chief Idol.

This mandapam serves two purposes.

It becomes Sayana Mandapam i.e., bedroom during night and dining hall during day time. It is only in this bed room Lord Venkateswara’s consort Alamelumanga whispers Her recommendations regarding some deserving cases into the ears of Lord Venkateswara at the appropriate time.

Let us reverentially bow to the Lord’s Bed Room.

Only priests and Jeeyangars are allowed to enter into Sanctum Sanctorum. Other devotees will have darshan only from Sayana Mandiram. Ananthalvar has described the handsomeness of Lord Venkateswara in these words:

Hai Mordhvapundra Majahan Makutam Sunasam
Mandasmitham Makara Kundala Chaarugandam
Bimbaadharam Bahula DeerghaKripaakataksham
Sri Venkatesam Mukhamaatmani Sanni Dohattam

Fully garlanded, bejeweled Lord is a feast for the eyes. Words fail to describe him. As Tulasidas puts it: The eyes which see do not have tongue to describe and the tongue which can describe has not got eyes. We have to look at the Chief Idol of God with broad open eyes.

Kandarpa Koti Sadrusam Kamaneeya Vesham
Mukthavalee Lalitha Kantta Mudaara Haaram
Peethambaraa Dyuthi Viraajitha Divya Deham
Sri Venkatesa Vapuraathmani Sanni Dohattam

Names of Tirupati Balaji

Lord Venkateswara has umpteen names

  • Yedukondala Vaadu (Lord of seven hills)
  • Venkataramana,
  • Srinivasa,
  • Tirumalappa,
  • Sankata Harana,
  • Venkatachalapati,
  • Govinda etc.

Irrespective of the name devotees use, he showers his blessings on all alike. The place where the Chief Idol stands is known as Ananda Nilayam i.e., the abode of happiness.

Ananda Nilayam Tirumala
Ananda Nilayam – Tirumala

In between Sayana Mandapam and Sanctum Sanctorum, there is one sculptured stone door. This is the nearest threshold to the Sanctum Sanctorum. All around this threshold gold plating is done. We can reach Sannidhi i.e., Sanctum Sanctorum after crossing this threshold. But only priests are allowed to go near the Chief Idol. This all-important Golden threshold is popularly known as Kulasekhara Padi.

Govinda! Govinda!! Govinda!!!

Snapana Mandapam (Mandapam of Holy Ablutions)

Snapana Mandapam (Mandapam of Holy Ablutions)

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Snapana Mandapam

As you enter through Golden doors you come across, not very much illuminated, a 27 feet quadrangular mandapam. This (Snapana Mandapam) has four pillars in the middle portion. Sculptured figures of Balakrishna, Yoga Narasimha, Sri Krishna Kaliya Mardhana, etc., can be seen on these pillars. It is known as “Tiruvilan Koil”, a Tamil word for Sanskrit Bala Aalayam.

Whenever repairs or renovation or reconstruction work of Sanctum Sanctorum, either inside or outside is taken up they will have a shift to temple Bala Aalayam. The potency (tejas) of the Lord will be induced or transferred into another idol.

Bhoga Srinivasa Murthy

In the year 614 A.D., it is said a Pallava queen by name ‘Samavayi’ (Perundevi) had offered a silver replica of Manvaala Perumal i.e., Bhoga Srinivasa Moorthy, to the temple. She oversaw the installation of the silver idol. Not only this, she made necessary arrangements to perform poojas as well as holy ablutions to Lord Venkateswara by granting necessary funds.

Bhoga Srinivasa murthy
Bhoga Srinivasa murthy

Researchers think that at the time of the installation of the Silver replica of Bhoga Srinivasa Moorthy, the priests would have made use of this Snapana Mandapam i.e., mandapam for holy ablutions.

Sri Bhandaram

In this Snapana Mandapam on both sides of the door, there are two rooms known as Sri Bhandaram. In the room to the right of the golden door they store the offerings collected from the “Hundi”. Everyday night after “Theermanam” (end of seva’s for the day) which follows Ekantha seva (service offered to the Lord in solitude), ‘Hundi’ is opened and then sealed firmly.

Well and firmly sealed Hundi then be taken to the “Bhandaram” (storehouse) which is to the north of Golden Door. Because of this, the rooms get the name of Kaanuka (gift or offering) Bhandaram.

Samarpanam

There is one more room to the south of the Golden Door. Here the costly jewelry of Lord Venkateswara is stored. The decoration of the Lord’s idol with costly precious jewelry is considered a special service. This service is known as ‘Samarpanam’.

There are three ways in which this samarpanam is carried out.

They are known as

  1. Sadaa (daily) samarpanam,
  2. Visesha (special) samarpanam and
  3. Mojaati (jewelry of historical importance) samarpanam.

All these expensive jewelry, precious stones, diamonds, etc. are stored in the store room which is to the south of the golden door.

Jewelry for decorating Shrine
Jewelry for decorating Shrine

Sadaa (daily) samarpanam

Ornaments meant for daily adornment come under consideration for sada samarpanam. They include a Golden crown, a Golden hip hand (kati hastham), a blessing hand, a sword, an alligator-shaped necklace, and Lakshmi garlands, etc., These are ornaments made of gold. These will be in the custody of archakas i.e., purohits. These things adorn the Lord daily. They are valued at more than 1 crore.

Visesha Samarpanam

On special occasions, like the visit of the Prime Minister or President or any other dignitary, etc., and on important festival days very valuable things like a Diamond crown, diamond-studded Sankhu and Chakra, Vykuntta Hip Hands, etc., adorn the idol of Lord Venkateswara.

The aforesaid ornaments are studded with costly as well as very costly precious stones. These things will be under the custody of one special officer who is known as ‘Paarupattedaaru’. These things are worth more than two crores.

Mojaati Samarpanam

During Brahmothsavams, and other paid utsavas or special courts organized for Lord Venkateswara very old and precious ornaments of historical value donated by kings and emperors of bygone days (belonging to an earlier time.), as well as Kings and Zamindars of yester years adorn the Lord.

Being very valuable things they are kept safely in T.T.D.’s treasury. Before the Utsavams they will be taken from the treasury and will be returned after the Utsavams. Sada (Daily) Samarpanam ornaments or jewelry will be in the custody of priests. They keep these things in lockers of Samarpana mandiram.

Paarupattedaaru (A special officer in charge of the temple or a man in authority) will be overall in charge of the Lord’s Ornaments and Jewels.

Govinda! Govinda!! Govinda!!!

Ghanta Mandapam (Thiru Maha Mani Mandapam)

Ghanta Mandapam (Thiru Maha Mani Mandapam)

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Ghanta Mandapam

The pillared entrance to the main temple is known as Ghanta Mandapam. Its exquisiteness is simply beyond description. Facing north, devotees enter into this mandapam. Behold here you come across some doors.

Gods like Brahma and other deities, sages, and saints like Sanak Sananda’s patiently wait here to have the darshan of Lord Venkateswara. These doors are made of gold. Right in front of the golden door, we can see Garuda Mandiram (temple).

Maha Manimandapam or Mukha Mandapam

A portico by the name “Mani Mandapam” unites the aforesaid two. It is also known as ‘Maha Manimandapam’. Some may prefer to call this Mukha Mandapam also. This 43″ x 40″ portico has a total of 16 carved pillars.

We can see the carvings of Bhoovaraha Swamy, Nrusimha Swamy, Maha Vishnu, Sri Venkateswara Swamy, Sri Varadaraja Swamy, and other gods. Recently these pillars have been covered with frame and brass doors.

In 1417 (August 25th) a native of Chandragiri by the name Amatya Mallanna took up the construction of this portico and completed it. He was a Minister of the Vijayanagara Empire. He is also known by the name Madhavadas.

In this portico, as stated earlier there is a temple dedicated to Garuda, right in front of the golden door. A life-size (6 feet) statue of Garuda with folded hands is installed here. He faces Lord Venkateswara. Daily, at 3 a.m.purohits assemble here and recite Swamy’s Suprabhatam.

Srinivasa Koluvu Seva
Srinivasa Koluvu Seva

Srinivasa Koluvu

After the recital of mesmerizing Suprabhatam Lord’s court ‘Darbar’ starts functioning. To the Lord, seated on a golden throne Panchangam (Hindu year, season, month, Thithi etc.,) is narrated. Not only this, but even yesterday’s balance sheet will also be read to God. This court is known as ‘Srinivasa Darbar’ or ‘Srinivasa Koluvu’.

The purohits will also loudly mention the names of all those donors who have generously contributed to ‘NITYA ANNADANAM’ (FREE MEALS TO DEVOTEES). In this portico every Wednesday, Sahasra kalasabhishekam (giving a holy bath to the Lord with one thousand water pots) is performed to the idols of Bhoga Srinivasa Moorthy, Sri Malayappa Swamy and Vishwaksena.

Similarly, every Thursday, a service by the name ‘Anna koototsavam’ (Tiruppavada Seva) is also performed at the time of the second hour. On these two days aforesaid Utsavams are being celebrated or performed. Apart from these, on other significant days like ‘Ugadi’, Anivara Asthanam, Deepavali, etc., in this mandapam right in front of Garuda Alwar, Sri Venkateswara Swamy, and Vishwaksena are ceremoniously received and made to stay here.

Similarly, on Sri Rama Navami day Sri Seetha, Rama Lakshmana, and Hanuman are reverentially received in this mandapam. On Gokulashtami day, Sri Krishna and Sri Rukmini are received. The idols do stay here for some time.

Ghanta Mandapam - Thiru Maha Mani Mandapam

Ghantapani

Towards the south of Golden Door, you will find two large bells tied to a wooden beam with strong and big iron chains. These bells will be rung when the Lord stays here to receive special poojas. The person who rings these bells is called a ‘Ghantapani’.

Thiru Maha Mani Mandapam

The sound of ringing bells enchants the entire Tirumala. The ringing sound of the bells indicates that offerings are being offered to the Lord. After hearing the sound of ringing bells devotees will have their lunch. The Vijayanagara emperors, when they camped in Chandragiri, used to wait for the sound.

The ringing sound was conveyed to them through bell towers constructed. After getting confirmed that the Lord had been offered the daily offerings, they used to have their lunch.

As these bells are located just in front of the Golden Door, people call this mandapam ‘Ghanta Mandapam’. ‘Mani’ is the word for bells in Tamil. This is the reason Tamil knows people will prefer to call this mandapam ‘Thiru Maha Mani Mandapam’.

Govinda! Govinda!! Govinda!!!

Ankurarpana Mandapam - Tirupati Balaji Temple

Ankurarpana Mandapam – Tirupati Balaji Temple

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Ankurarpana Mandapam / Ankur Arpana Mandapam

Opposite the chief kitchen and towards the south of Bangaru Baavi there is a mandapam. This is known as Ankurarpana Mandapam. Every year the Dasara Brahmothsavam is celebrated for ten days by Lord Venkateswara. The initiation of this Brahmothsavam starts from this Mandapam.

Ankuram as we all known is sprout. Arpanam is offering. Here in this mandapam, Nava Dhanyam (nine varieties of grains) sprouts are grown. For every auspicious occasion, the sprouting marks the beginning. The sprouting process takes place a day before the hoisting of a flag on Golden Dhwajasthambham. (click here for Dhwajasthambham mandapam).

Google’s Map – Sri Venkateswara Swamy Temple

Vishwaksena – chief commander of Lord Venkateswara

On that day under the supervision of the chief commander of Lord Venkateswara, Vishwaksena, the Ankurarpanam takes place. Firstly the idols of Vishwaksena, Garuda, and Anantha will be brought from Ramulavari Meda to this Mandapam. Then under the direction of Vishwaksena fine ant hill soil is collected.

Then Sri Vishwaksena, Sri Sudarsana, Anantha, and Garuda reach Vasantha Mandapam which is situated in the southwest direction of Lord’s temple.

Vishwaksena
Chief commander of Lord Venkateswara, Vishwaksena

With all temple honors like piped music, beating of drums, chanting of Veda Mantras they proceed to Vasantha Mandapam in a procession. The soil collection, particularly the soil from ant hills, takes place in Vasantha Mandapam. Before collecting the soil from ant hills, the instruments to be used and even ant hills are worshipped as per Vedic rituals. Then with that soil Vishwakasena, in a procession enters the main temple through Maha pradakshana path.

Then onwards Sri Vishwaksena, Garuda, etc., stay back in Ankurarpana Mandapam till the completion of Brahmothsavam. Not only during Brahmothsavams, but even on occasions like Jyeshtabhishekam (an annual function which is celebrated for three days from pournami) Sravana Nakshthram day (this comes in the month of Karthik on this day pushpa yaga utsavam is performed to Lord Venkateswara) the aforesaid procedure of Ankurarpanam will be performed a day before under the supervision of Vishwaksena who happens to be the commander-in-chief.

Because the Ankurarpanam takes place, this mandapam gets the name of Ankur Arpana Mandapam. This mandapam has one more specialty.

The idols of

  • Anantha,
  • Vishwaksena,
  • Garuda,
  • Sugreeva,
  • Angada, and
  • Anjaneya

which will be in Ramulavari Meda, are shifted to Ankurarpana Mandapam. This shifting helps the pilgrims who visit Tirumala to have the darshan of idols mentioned. We have already come to know about these idols and their importance. Let us bow before these idols.

Explore all Mandapams Inside Tirumala Temple

Yagasala

Adjacent to Ankurarpana Mandapam towards the west there is a room. This room is known as Yagasala. Yagams are conducted here. All Yagas connected with the daily Vedic activities of the temple are conducted here. Of late Yagas are conducted in this mandapam only during Brahmothsavams.

The homams, yagas connected with all the other activities like Jyeshtabhishekam, Pavitra Utsavam, Pushpayagam, and the special pooja that are being conducted every Monday, daily Kalyana Utsavam are now being held in, sampangi mandapam.

Every Wednesday, Sahasra Kalasa Abhishekam is performed to the Chief Idol in the morning. During this particular pooja yagam is conducted on a stage near Golden Door

Yagno yagna patiryajwa
Yagnango yagna vaahanaha
Yagna Bhrudyagna kridagnee
Yagna Bhugyagna Saadhanaha
Yagnanthakrid yagna Guhya
Mana Mannada Eva Cha

-Vishnu Sahasra Namam

Because of the yagna performed by sage Bhrigu, Lord Vishnu took human form and started dwelling in Tirumala which is being praised as Vykunttam on earth. Lord Vishnu’s Consort Sri Maha Lakshmi as Alamelu Manga, too was born in Narayanavanam which is considered to be the edge of Venkatachala mountain. She was born in Yagna Bhoomi of Akasaraju. From the house of Akasa Raju, She walked into the Abode of Lord Venkateswara which is known as Ananda Nilayam.

Ananda Nilayam Tirumala
Ananda Nilayam, Tirumala Temple

From that day Alamelu Manga became His Consort. Lord Venkateswara assumed the name of Srinivasa. Srinivasa is fulfilling all the desires of His devotees.

The Yagasala is within the precincts (the area within the walls or perceived boundaries of a particular building or place) of the temple. The Yagasala is the place where the marriage between Srinivasa and Alamelu Manga was solemnized. Since time immemorial yagnas have been conducted keeping in mind the general welfare of the people. Lord Venkateswara Himself is everything.

He is Kartha, Karma as well as Kriya. Let us bow our heads before Lord Venkateswara who readily answers all sincere prayers of His devotees.

Govinda! Govinda!! Govinda!!!

Tirumala Raya Mandapam or Anna Unjal mandapam

Tirumala Raya Mandapam or Anna Unjal mandapam

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Mandapams of Tirumala

The lush green forests of Seshachala house, Sri Venkateswara Swamy, who is also revered as Perumal, Venkatachalapati, Tirumalesa, Govinda, Balaji, Srinivasa and many more names.

The ancient temple of Lord Venkateswara in the hill shrine of Tirumala is an amazing complex of history, culture, and traditions. Almost every brick speaks volumes about the cultural journey of the temple over the past several centuries.

Let us explore Tirumala Raya mandapam or Anna Unjal mandapam.

Tirumala Raya Mandapam or Anna Unjal mandapam

Next to the Rangamantapam and at a distance of 12 feet from the east prakaram wall of the inner gopuram, is another mantapa measuring 40 feet east to west and about 80 feet north to south. This is known as Tirumala Raya mandapam or Anna Unjal mandapam. This consists of two parts constructed at different periods, the front part being at the lower level and the back at a higher.

The southern or inner portion measuring 10 ft. – 45ft, has a more elevated basement than the front one and is traditionally attributed to Saluva Narasimha of 1473 A.D. for celebrating the Anna Unjal Tirunal instituted by him in that year.

This structure was renovated and extended to its present size and shape by Araviti Bukkaraya Ramaraja, Sriranga. Raja, Tirumala Raja in the last quarter of the 16th century. In this mandapa other festivals like the vasanta utsava were celebrated during the time of Tirumala raja.

It is in this mandapa that the processional deity malayappan, holds his annual darbar of asthana on the hoisting of the garuda dhvaja on the top of the dhvajastambam to mark the commencement of the Brahmotsavam.

ANNA UNJAL MANDAPAM
Hoisting of the Garudadhwaja on Dhwajastambham

 

The prasadam distribution on this occasion is still called Tirumalarayan pongal, although the endowment made by that emperor has long ago disappeared. This mandapam practically touches the dhwajastamba mantapam

Saluva Narasimha who constructed the southern portion of this mandapam saved the kingdom from anarchy soon after the assassination of Virupaksha-II and who gave stability to the kingdom for nearly 40 years, was a great warrior. As a devout Vaishnava, he has given many important benefactions to the temple.

He had the full assistance and support of Kandadi Ramanuja Ayyangar who figures frequently in the inscriptions of Saluva Narasimha, and who in addition to being a patron of poets like Ranganatha Dindima, was himself a well-known author and has a book Ramabhyudaya to his credit.

His queen Sriranga Devi and other members of the royal family also gave several endowments to the temple. In 1485 A.D. he built a shrine for Laxmi Narasimha on the pathway to the Seshadri hills (GT-273).

This mandapam has a typical Vijayanagara complex of pillars, with a central pillar surrounded by smaller pillarets, some of which emit musical sounds when struck with a stone. The main pillars have rearing horses with mounted warriors. Some of the best sculptures of the temple are found in bold relief in this mandapa.

The pillars in the two outer rows are plain while those in the interior have animal brackets. In the back part of the mandapa also there are two rows of four pillars each on each side. The pavilion in black granite in the middle of the mandapa has in the corners four pillars each with three pillarets projecting.

In one corner of the Tirumala Raya Mandapam are kept the bronze statues of Todaramalla, his mother Matha Mohana De, and his wife Pitha Bibi. As in the case of Krishnadevaraya bronzes, the names are inscribed on their shoulders.

Todarmalla was in charge of the Karnatak area on behalf of the Nawabs of Golconda in the beginning years of the 18th century. He was a general under the Nawabs of Karnatak.

Srivari temple – Mandapams

According to saint poet Sri Tallapaka Annamayya, the various Mandapams and constructions inside the Srivari temple served as shelters to the devotees at times of heavy rains and scorching summer besides being served as platforms for temple rituals and stand here to tell the volumes of history.

These temples not only have historical and mythological significance but also stand as architectural marvels. A peep into these mandapams:

Kalyana Mandapam

Kalyana Mandapam

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Kalyana Mandapam or Kalyanotsava Mandapam

The lush green forests of Seshachala house, Sri Venkateswara Swamy, who is also revered as Perumal, Venkatachalapati, Tirumalesa, Govinda, Balaji, Srinivasa and many more names.

Mandapams – Tirumala Temple

The ancient temple of Lord Venkateswara in the hill shrine of Tirumala is an amazing complex of history, culture, and traditions. Almost every brick speaks volumes about the cultural journey of the temple over the past several centuries.

According to saint poet Sri Tallapaka Annamayya, the various Mandapams and constructions inside the Srivari temple served as shelters to the devotees at times of heavy rains and scorching summer besides being served as platforms for temple rituals and stand here to tell the volumes of history.

These temples not only have historical and mythological significance but also stand as architectural marvels. A peep into these mandapams:

  • Dwajasthambha mandapam,
  • Krishnadevaraya Mandapam,
  • Four Pillar Mandapam,
  • Ranganayakula Mandapam or Ranga Mandapam,
  • Kalyanotsava Mandapam,
  • Tirumalaraya Mandapam,
  • Anna Unjal Mandapam,
  • Addala Mandapam or Aina Mahal,
  • Garuda Mandapam,
  • Golla Mandapam,
  • Sahasra Deepalankara Seva Mandapam etc.

Let us have a short glimpse related to these mandapams in this issue (this page is dedicated to Kalyana Mandapam). Click here for all mandapams.

Kalyana mandapam

On the south-western comer of the Vimana pradakshina is a spacious Kalyana Mandapam noted for its exquisite sculptures. It is 80 feet x 36 feet Architecturally it is similar to the Tirumalaraya mandapam. At its western end is situated a small shrine of black granite containing four pillars each with three pillars projecting.

Behind this shrine is a raised portion called the Yagasala. The pillars show a variety of patterns some with alternate square and octagonal sections and some with very intricately chiseled tops having heavy capitals. The four-pillared central sub mandapa built of polished black granite has extremely beautiful florid workmanship.

Its side walls are decorated with the series, pilaster, pilaster kumbha panjara, salakoshta.

The array of female dancers that crowd the inner fringes of the roof and the exquisite miniature sculptures that adorn all faces of the pillars lend a touch of delicacy and charm to the structure. Perhaps this intricate workmanship is taken over from the art of ivory carving for which the Hoyasala art is so famous.

The Kalyana mandapa and its sub-mandapa contain numerous relief sculptures on their pillars like Trivikrama sudarshana, sixteenarmed Narasimha, Laxmi Narasimha, Hayagriva etc. From the day of the Dhwajarohanam of the Brahmotsavam to the Dipavali day, Lord Malayappan resides here and not in the sanctum sanctorum.

Similarly for twenty-three days, in December in connection with the adhyayanotsavam the asthanams take place in this mandapa only.

Vimana pradakshina

This is a quadrangular space enclosed between the walls of the second prakara, the inner gopuram, and the walls of the first prakaram which surround the sanctum.

The open space of this pradakshina between the gateway of the inner gopuram and the Tirumamani mandapam to its west or Mukhamandapam, is hardly 18 feet. In addition to the structures composing the main Vimana, there are many large cut-stone structures, shrines, and mantapams within the Vimana pradakshina.

These leave a comparatively narrow width of open space surrounding the main temple. It is this open space that is now known as Vimana pradakshina. Pilgrims who have taken a vow of anga pradakshina perform it only in this courtyard.